Epidemiology

Epidemiology is the branch of public health that studies the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in specified populations. It focuses on understanding the patterns, causes, and effects of health and disease conditions in defined groups. Epidemiologists collect and analyze data to identify risk factors for disease, inform public health policy, and guide health interventions aimed at controlling disease outbreaks and improving community health. By investigating how diseases spread, the effectiveness of treatments, and the impact of health behaviors, epidemiology plays a critical role in preventing illness and promoting health at both individual and population levels.